{"id":89861,"date":"2025-04-08T13:59:43","date_gmt":"2025-04-08T18:59:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/thecitizenfortheworld.com\/?p=89861"},"modified":"2025-04-08T13:59:43","modified_gmt":"2025-04-08T18:59:43","slug":"los-expertos-cuestionan-que-una-empresa-haya-desextinguido-a-los-lobos-terribles","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/thecitizenfortheworld.com\/?p=89861","title":{"rendered":"Los expertos cuestionan que una empresa haya “desextinguido” a los lobos terribles"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

Este martes la revista <\/b>Time<\/b><\/i>\u00a0puso en su portada un magn\u00edfico lobo, blanco como la nieve, acompa\u00f1ado de un titular que anuncia el regreso del lobo terrible.<\/b><\/h1>\n<\/div>\n
\n

Esta especie, ahora extinta, es famosa por su papel ficticio en la serie “Juego de Tronos”, pero realmente existi\u00f3, hace m\u00e1s de 10.000 a\u00f1os, y deambulaba por Am\u00e9rica.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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La empresa Colossal Biosciences est\u00e1 detr\u00e1s de los titulares de hoy. Anunci\u00f3 que utiliz\u00f3 “ingenier\u00eda gen\u00e9tica inteligente y ADN antiguo” para criar tres cachorros de lobo terrible y “desextinguir” la especie.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

Pero aunque los lobeznos Romulus, Remus y Khaleesi representan un impresionante avance tecnol\u00f3gico, expertos independientes dicen que en realidad no son lobos terribles.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

<\/section>\n
\n

El zo\u00f3logo Philip Seddon, de la Universidad de Otago en Nueva Zelanda, explic\u00f3 que los animales son “lobos grises modificados gen\u00e9ticamente”.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

Colossal ha publicitado sus esfuerzos por utilizar t\u00e9cnicas gen\u00e9ticas de vanguardia similares para recuperar otros animales extintos, como el mamut lanudo y el tigre de Tasmania.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

Por su parte, los expertos se\u00f1alan importantes diferencias biol\u00f3gicas entre el lobo de la portada de\u00a0Time<\/i>\u00a0y el lobo de las nieves que deambulaba y cazaba durante la \u00faltima glaciaci\u00f3n.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n
\"Lobo<\/p>\n

Fuente de la imagen, <\/span>Colossal Biosciences<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>

Pie de foto, <\/span>Seg\u00fan expertos independientes, los lobeznos producidos por Colossal son realmente lobos grises con algunas de sus caracter\u00edsticas modificadas.<\/span><\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
\n

El paleogenetista Nic Rawlence, tambi\u00e9n de la Universidad de Otago, explic\u00f3 que el ADN del antiguo lobo terrible, extra\u00eddo de restos fosilizados, est\u00e1 demasiado degradado y da\u00f1ado para poder copiarlo o clonarlo biol\u00f3gicamente.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

“El ADN antiguo es como si se metiera ADN fresco en un horno a m\u00e1s de 260 grados durante toda la noche”, dijo el Dr. Rawlence a BBC News. \u00abSale fragmentado, hecho a\u00f1icos y polvo.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

“Se puede reconstruir [el ADN], pero no es lo suficientemente bueno como para hacer nada m\u00e1s con \u00e9l”.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

En su lugar, a\u00f1adi\u00f3, el equipo de desextinci\u00f3n utiliz\u00f3 una nueva tecnolog\u00eda de biolog\u00eda sint\u00e9tica: cortar trozos de ADN e insertarlos en el c\u00f3digo gen\u00e9tico de un animal vivo que tiene intacta toda su estructura biol\u00f3gica, en este caso un lobo gris.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

“As\u00ed que lo que ha producido Colossal es un lobo gris, pero tiene algunas caracter\u00edsticas similares a las del lobo terrible, como un cr\u00e1neo m\u00e1s grande y pelaje blanco”, dijo el Dr. Rawlence. \u00abEs un h\u00edbrido\u00bb.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

La Dra. Beth Shapiro, bi\u00f3loga de Colossal Biosciences, dijo que esta haza\u00f1a s\u00ed representa la desextinci\u00f3n, que describi\u00f3 como la recreaci\u00f3n de animales con las mismas caracter\u00edsticas.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

“Un lobo gris es el pariente vivo m\u00e1s cercano de un lobo terrible; son muy similares gen\u00e9ticamente, as\u00ed que nos centramos en las secuencias de ADN que conducen a los rasgos del lobo terrible y luego editamos las c\u00e9lulas del lobo gris… luego clonamos esas c\u00e9lulas y creamos nuestros lobos terribles”.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n
\"Lobo<\/p>\n

Fuente de la imagen, <\/span>Colossal Biosciences<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>

Pie de foto, <\/span>Seg\u00fan Colossal, el lobo gris es el pariente vivo m\u00e1s cercano del lobo terrible.<\/span><\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
\n

Sin embargo, seg\u00fan Rawlence, los lobos terribles se separaron de los lobos grises entre hace 2,5 y 6 millones de a\u00f1os.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

“Pertenecen a un g\u00e9nero completamente diferente al de los lobos grises”, dijo. “Colossal compar\u00f3 los genomas del lobo terrible y del lobo gris y, a partir de unos 19.000 genes, determinaron que 20 cambios en 14 genes les daban un lobo terrible”.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

Los embriones editados se implantaron en perras dom\u00e9sticas que actuaron como madres subrogadas. Seg\u00fan el art\u00edculo de\u00a0Time<\/i>, los tres lobos nacieron a trav\u00e9s de ces\u00e1rea programada para minimizar el riesgo de complicaciones.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

Colossal, que en enero estaba valorada en US$10.000 millones, tiene a los lobos en unas instalaciones privadas de 809 hect\u00e1reas en un lugar no revelado del norte de Estados Unidos.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

Los cachorros ciertamente se parecen a la visi\u00f3n que mucha gente tiene de un lobo terrible y la historia ha llamado la atenci\u00f3n mundial. Entonces, \u00bfpor qu\u00e9 es importante esta distinci\u00f3n cient\u00edfica?<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

“Porque la extinci\u00f3n es para siempre”, dijo Rawlence a BBC News. “Si no tenemos extinci\u00f3n, \u00bfc\u00f3mo vamos a aprender de nuestros errores?”.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

<\/figure>\n
\n

Con informaci\u00f3n de BBC News Mundo.<\/i><\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Este martes la revista Time\u00a0puso en su portada un magn\u00edfico lobo, blanco como la nieve, acompa\u00f1ado de un titular que anuncia el regreso del lobo terrible. Esta especie, ahora extinta, es famosa por su papel ficticio en la serie “Juego de Tronos”, pero realmente existi\u00f3, hace m\u00e1s de 10.000 a\u00f1os, y deambulaba por Am\u00e9rica. La […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":89862,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_mi_skip_tracking":false},"categories":[5],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"\nLos expertos cuestionan que una empresa haya "desextinguido" a los lobos terribles - The citizen for the world<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/thecitizenfortheworld.com\/?p=89861\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"es_ES\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Los expertos cuestionan que una empresa haya "desextinguido" a los lobos terribles - The citizen for the world\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Este martes la revista Time\u00a0puso en su portada un magn\u00edfico lobo, blanco como la nieve, acompa\u00f1ado de un titular que anuncia el regreso del lobo terrible. 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