{"id":87801,"date":"2024-10-09T12:29:56","date_gmt":"2024-10-09T17:29:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/thecitizenfortheworld.com\/?p=87801"},"modified":"2024-10-09T12:29:56","modified_gmt":"2024-10-09T17:29:56","slug":"otorgan-el-premio-nobel-de-quimica-a-cientificos-que-usaron-la-ia-para-descifrar-el-codigo-de-casi-todas-las-proteinas","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/thecitizenfortheworld.com\/?p=87801","title":{"rendered":"Otorgan el Premio Nobel de Qu\u00edmica a cient\u00edficos que usaron la IA para \u201cdescifrar el c\u00f3digo\u201d de casi todas las prote\u00ednas"},"content":{"rendered":"
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El Premio Nobel de Qu\u00edmica 2024 fue concedido a un tr\u00edo de cient\u00edficos que utilizaron la inteligencia artificial para \u201cdescifrar el c\u00f3digo\u201d de casi todas las prote\u00ednas conocidas, las \u201cherramientas qu\u00edmicas de la vida\u201d.<\/p>\n

El Comit\u00e9 Nobel elogi\u00f3 a David Baker por completar \u201cla haza\u00f1a casi imposible de construir tipos de prote\u00ednas completamente nuevos\u201d, y a Demis Hassabis y John Jumper por desarrollar un modelo de IA para predecir las complejas estructuras de las prote\u00ednas, un problema que llevaba 50 a\u00f1os sin resolverse.<\/p>\n

\u201cEl potencial de sus descubrimientos es enorme\u201d, declar\u00f3 el comit\u00e9 al anunciar el premio este mi\u00e9rcoles en Suecia. El premio, considerado la cumbre de los logros cient\u00edficos, est\u00e1 dotado con 11 millones de coronas suecas (US$ 1 mill\u00f3n).<\/p>\n

Las prote\u00ednas, una cadena de mol\u00e9culas de amino\u00e1cidos, son los componentes b\u00e1sicos de la vida. Ayudan a formar las c\u00e9lulas del pelo, la piel y los tejidos; leen, copian y reparan el ADN; y ayudan a transportar ox\u00edgeno en la sangre.<\/p>\n

Aunque las prote\u00ednas se construyen a partir de solo unos 20 amino\u00e1cidos, \u00e9stos pueden combinarse de formas casi infinitas, pleg\u00e1ndose en patrones muy complejos en el espacio tridimensional.<\/p>\n

El comit\u00e9 dijo que el premio de este mi\u00e9rcoles ten\u00eda dos \u201cmitades\u201d. La primera fue para Hassabis, inform\u00e1tico brit\u00e1nico cofundador del laboratorio de investigaci\u00f3n de inteligencia artificial de Google DeepMind, y Jumper, investigador estadounidense que tambi\u00e9n trabaja en DeepMind.<\/p>\n

Hassabis y Jumper fueron galardonados por utilizar la IA para predecir la estructura tridimensional de una prote\u00edna a partir de una secuencia de amino\u00e1cidos, lo que les permiti\u00f3 predecir la estructura de casi los 200 millones de prote\u00ednas conocidas.<\/p>\n

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El Premio Nobel de Qu\u00edmica fue otorgado en Suecia el mi\u00e9rcoles. s<\/span><\/div>\n

Jonathan Nackstrand\/AFP\/Getty Image<\/p><\/div>\n<\/div>\n

Su programa de IA, la base de datos AlphaFold Protein Structure, ha sido utilizado por al menos dos millones de investigadores de todo el mundo. Act\u00faa como un \u201cbuscador Google\u201d de estructuras prote\u00ednicas, proporcionando acceso instant\u00e1neo a modelos predichos de prote\u00ednas y acelerando el progreso en biolog\u00eda fundamental y otros campos relacionados. La pareja ya ha ganado los premios Lasker 2023 y Breakthrough.<\/p>\n

Desde la publicaci\u00f3n de su art\u00edculo clave en 2021, ha sido citado m\u00e1s de 13.000 veces. David Pendlebury, responsable de an\u00e1lisis de investigaci\u00f3n del Instituto de Informaci\u00f3n Cient\u00edfica de Clarivate, lo describi\u00f3 como una \u201ccifra excepcional\u201d. De un total de 61 millones de art\u00edculos cient\u00edficos, s\u00f3lo unos 500 han sido citados m\u00e1s de 10.000 veces, declar\u00f3 a CNN antes de que se anunciara el premio este mi\u00e9rcoles.<\/p>\n

La segunda \u201cmitad\u201d del premio fue para Baker, bioqu\u00edmico estadounidense y profesor de la Universidad de Washington, por utilizar m\u00e9todos inform\u00e1ticos para crear prote\u00ednas que antes no exist\u00edan y que tienen funciones totalmente nuevas.<\/p>\n

\u201cLa capacidad de crear prote\u00ednas cargadas de nuevas funciones es asombrosa\u201d, declar\u00f3 el comit\u00e9, y abarca desde la creaci\u00f3n de nuevos f\u00e1rmacos hasta el desarrollo m\u00e1s r\u00e1pido de nuevas vacunas.<\/p>\n

El trabajo de Hassabis y Jumper se basa en las redes neuronales artificiales, cuyo desarrollo les vali\u00f3 este martes el Premio Nobel de F\u00edsica.<\/p>\n

Antes de dedicarse a las prote\u00ednas, trabajaron en un programa inform\u00e1tico capaz de enfrentarse a los mejores jugadores del mundo del antiguo juego de mesa chino Go.<\/p>\n

(Con informaci\u00f3n de CNN.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

<\/main><\/section>\n<\/article>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

El Premio Nobel de Qu\u00edmica 2024 fue concedido a un tr\u00edo de cient\u00edficos que utilizaron la inteligencia artificial para \u201cdescifrar el c\u00f3digo\u201d de casi todas las prote\u00ednas conocidas, las \u201cherramientas qu\u00edmicas de la vida\u201d. El Comit\u00e9 Nobel elogi\u00f3 a David Baker por completar \u201cla haza\u00f1a casi imposible de construir tipos de prote\u00ednas completamente nuevos\u201d, y […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":87802,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_mi_skip_tracking":false},"categories":[5],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"\nOtorgan el Premio Nobel de Qu\u00edmica a cient\u00edficos que usaron la IA para \u201cdescifrar el c\u00f3digo\u201d de casi todas las prote\u00ednas - The citizen for the world<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/thecitizenfortheworld.com\/?p=87801\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"es_ES\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Otorgan el Premio Nobel de Qu\u00edmica a cient\u00edficos que usaron la IA para \u201cdescifrar el c\u00f3digo\u201d de casi todas las prote\u00ednas - The citizen for the world\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"El Premio Nobel de Qu\u00edmica 2024 fue concedido a un tr\u00edo de cient\u00edficos que utilizaron la inteligencia artificial para \u201cdescifrar el c\u00f3digo\u201d de casi todas las prote\u00ednas conocidas, las \u201cherramientas qu\u00edmicas de la vida\u201d. 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